Venezuela
The following text is written and analyzed under the description of Richard Román, a graduate in Education, Language and Literature, graduated from the University of Carabobo, Venezuela, who has worked as a teacher for 26 years in both the public and private sectors. For this reason, he is the one who provides this information for the project, explaining through his experience how the Venezuelan educational system works and how the current situation affects its performance. It is worth clarifying that the criticisms and opinions expressed in the text have a general approach.
Interview
In spite of the situation Venezuela is going through, it still maintains a stable educational system. To be specific, the Venezuelan Educational System comprises 4 levels. Preschool Education, Basic Education, Diversified and Professional Secondary Education and Higher Education.
Taken from: https://images.app.goo.gl/rEaHBRPEw2fcthgT6
First of all, Preschool Education is the first mandatory level of the educational system and the pedagogical attention lasts one school year. Children enter these educational establishments preferably at the age of five.
Secondly, Basic Education is the second compulsory level of the education system; it has three stages, each lasting three years, and is preferably attended from the age of six. The first stage is from first to third grade, the second stage from fourth to sixth grade and the third stage from seventh to ninth grade.
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Third, Diversified and Professional Secondary Education is the third level of the educational system; it is the next level after Basic Education and prior to Higher Education, with which it is curricularly and administratively articulated. In addition, its purpose is to achieve the comprehensive education of adolescents and young people in accordance with the demands of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, both present and future, it provides continuity to primary education and allows for the incorporation into the labor market and higher education. This stage is from 9th to 11th grade.
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Finally, Higher Education is based on the preceding levels and includes professional and postgraduate training, and may be taken at Universities, Pedagogical, Polytechnic, Technological and Technological University Institutes and University Colleges and at the Armed Forces Officers' Training Institutes; Special Institutes for Teacher Training, Fine Arts and Research; Higher Institutes for the Training of Ministers of Worship; and in general, those that have the objectives indicated in the Law and adjust to its requirements.
On the other hand, in Venezuela the subjects taken by students are established by the National Basic Curriculum, which is prepared by public institutions such as the Ministry of Education. Thus, the subjects established in Basic Education are the following: Language and Literature, Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Technology, Social Sciences, Aesthetic Education and Physical Education. Then, at the Diversified and Professional High School level, the following subjects are added: History of Venezuela, Geography of Venezuela and English. Finally, in Higher Education, the subjects Physics and Chemistry are added.
Taken from: https://images.app.goo.gl/SR3VXduCWAXBrLP26
Taken from: https://images.app.goo.gl/oJJiE9HohqiG27fK7
Likewise, in Venezuela the grading system differs according to the stage. In Basic Education, the grading system is qualitative, that is, by letters. This system is graded from A to E, where the letter D is the minimum passing grade. In the case of Diversified and Professional Secondary Education, the grading system is quantitative, that is, by numbers. This system is graded from 1 to 20 where a minimum of 10 points is required to pass. Similarly, in Higher Education this same scale is used, however, some universities use a scale from 1 to 100 where the minimum passing grade is 50 points.
Taken from: https://images.app.goo.gl/n9Rme9HCxNvmfa8h6
Finally, it is important to clarify that Venezuela is going through a time of great economic crisis which has really affected the performance of teachers, who have been forced to seek other sources of income and most public schools have left vacancies, i.e., there are too few teachers to meet the number of students. Likewise, the school disappointment is very notorious, young people do not have enough resources to attend school, for example: lack of gasoline, money for public transportation, little production for school supplies, etc. In addition, the lack of optimal conditions for study, as well as: constant power outages, the absence of teaching materials, the low production of products for teaching demotivates both teachers and students, even young people choose to work and drop out of school. In short, although this is seen more frequently in public schools, private schools are no exception.
Bibliographic references
https://images.app.goo.gl/pzXf68S7P44wikBN7